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Gold-silver ore beneficiation technology
In addition to gold, gold - silver ore contains tens to hundreds of grams of silver per t ore. Silver is also a variety of silver minerals, such as snail-silver-silver ore, deep red-silver ore, and brittle, in addition to natural silver. Silver ore, sulphur- bismuth- copper- silver ore, pale red-silver ore, and horny silver ore exist. Some sulfides, such as galena, chalcopyrite, pyrite and stibnite often enriched in fine particles of silver.
Since silver often appears in various states in gold-silver ore, it is often treated by a combined process of two or more methods. The characteristics of silver in ore and its recovery methods are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Characteristics of silver in ore and its recovery method
Silver characteristics
Recycling method
Coarse grain (greater than 0.1 to 0.2 mm) of natural silver and natural alloy
Reselection
Cyanide
Natural silver and natural alloys in free and continuous grains (less than 0.1 to 0.2 mm)
Cyanide
Flotation and next step of cyanidation or smelting of concentrates 1
Angular silver ore particles in free or continuous life
Cyanide 1
a simple sulfide of free and continuous silver
Flotation and next step of cyanidation or smelting of concentrate
Cyanide 1
Silver telluride , selenide and complex sulfides of free and continuum and silver iron vanadium particles
Oxidative roasting or chlorination roasting and subsequent cyanidation of calcined sand
Flotation and the next step of smelting or roasting the concentrate, and the calcination is treated by cyanidation
Silver is encapsulated in galena, chalcopyrite, chalcopyrite and other non-ferrous sulfide minerals
Flotation and smelting of the next concentrate 1
Silver wrapped in iron sulfide
Next flotation concentrate to oxidation or chlorination roasting roasting of the calcine and cyanation â‘
1 The coarse fraction of the mineral can be recovered by re-election.
Japanese Chitose gold - gold silver beneficiation plant process - silver ores, natural minerals metallic gold, argentite, magenta silver, pink silver, brittle silver, silver stibnite, chalcopyrite, tetrahedrite chalcopyrite, galena, sphalerite and pyrite. In addition to the presence of natural gold, gold is also encased in pyrite, with gold particles ranging from 10 to 50/μm and some from 100 to 150 μm. The gangue minerals are mainly quartz , chlorite, feldspar , zeolite and calcite , followed by a small amount of barite .
When mainly treating sulfide ore, a single flotation is used to recover gold and silver. If the oxidized ore with a high grade is treated, the coarse gold is recovered by a re-election method (a suede chute and a shaker). If the effect of the flotation method is not good, some gold and silver can be recovered by cyanidation.
The process flow is shown in Figure 1. Production indicators and dosages are shown in Tables 2 and 3.
Figure 1 Principle process of gold-silver ore production process in Chitose Mineral Processing Plant, Japan
Table 2 Production indicators
product name
Yield/%
Grade
Recovery rate/%
Gold / (g·t -1 )
Silver / (e·t -1 )
copper/%
gold
silver
ore
Hand-selected waste stone
Upper chute concentrate
Selected as raw ore
Lower chute concentrate
Flotation ore
Flotation concentrate
Flotation tailings
Flotation abandoned tailings
Cyanide ore
Gold mud
Cyanide tailings
Concentrate total
Tailings total
100.0
24.74
0.15
75.11
0.29
74.82
2.17
72.65
58.68
13.97
13.97
2.61
97.39
18.80
0.50
719.2
23.5
2529.5
13.60
415.5
1.6
1.3
2.8
1.2 (%)
1.6
676.9
1.2
45.0
6.8
734.9
56.3
1641.8
50.1
1409.0
9.5
9.3
10.6
3.1 (%)
7.3
1415.0
8.4
1.24
1.00
100.00
0.70
5.60
93.70
39.47
54.23
47.94
6.29
4.20
2.09
0.92
1.17
93.93
6.07
100.00
3.71
2.39
93.90
10.69
83.21
67.83
15.38
12.08
3.30
1.02
2.28
81.93
18.07
Table 3 dosage of chemicals (for ore supply)
Drug name
Japanese brand pine root oil No. 10-B
High sand brand Frot 15
Japanese selection of high-grade xanthate
ACC Averot 208
Copper sulfate
Zinc powder
Dosage / (g · t -1 )
211
4
74
30
13
240
Drug name
Lead acetate
Stone ash
Sodium cyanide
Flotation
Cyanide
Flotation
Cyanide
Dosage / (8 · t -1 )
44
1580
2205
7
645
Another example is the treatment of gold-silver-silica vein type ore in Japan. Multi effect of clay mineral subjected to gold silvery gold (Au50% ~ 60%) is present forms, mainly silver and argentite quartz or clay present in conjunction with gold. The ore gold grade is 0-12g/t, and the ratio of gold to silver is 1:15-30.
The plant uses the re-election- amalgam -cyanide-flotation combined process to recover gold and silver, and the main output of gold and silver alloy, amalgam tailings and flotation concentrate are sold as separate products. 2.
Figure 2 Process flow of production process of ore in Japan
The characteristics of the production process are: 1 using recycled cyanide de-gold solution in grinding, jigging and grading operations. 2 In the grinding classification circuit, coarse gold and sulfide are recovered by a jig and a fleece chute. When the ore contains Au7.8g/t and Ag225g/t, the re-elected concentrate contains Au405.8g/t, containing Ag2406g/t, the recovery rate of re-selection gold is 10.86%, and the silver is 2.0%. 3 Re-election concentrate was treated by amalgamation method, the gold recovery rate was 81.8%, and the silver was 53.4%. 4 Add the No. 20 coagulant (ultra-short fiber) to the thickener to prevent the sludge from rising to accelerate the sedimentation speed of the slime and improve the processing capacity of the cylindrical vacuum filter. 5 Because the content of slime in the gold-containing solution is greatly reduced, the pore blockage of the filter cloth of the filter press in the zinc powder displacement and sedimentation process is overcome, and the consumption of zinc powder, fuel and solvent is reduced. 6 Concentrated products containing Au6.3g / t, Ag175g / t, cyanide leaching after 120 ~ 160h, gold cyanidation recovery rate of 93.9%, silver 87.1%. 7 In order to fully recover gold and silver, the cyanide tailings are pulverized with water and degreased by a hydrocyclone, and the grit is treated by flotation to recover gold and silver.