Quantum Dot Spectrometer Detects Metabolic Waste and Brings Revolutionary Technology to Future Medical Treatments

China Instrument Network Instrument R&D On May 10, 2011, Armenian astronomer Garrett and his research team published their latest research findings in the world’s top academic journal “Nature”. The team found a name. The star for HD82943 swallowed one of its planets, the process is equivalent to the sun swallowing the earth. The volume of the star is about the same as the volume of the sun, and the planet it swallows is about twice the mass of the largest planet Jupiter in the solar system. The HD82943 star is about 78 light years away from Earth.

The tool for observing this process is the ultra-large telescope mirror set at the Southern Observatory of Southern Europe in the desert of “Athagamar” in Chile. For this phenomenon, the data the scientists actually recorded are isolated data points. So how do scientists infer the occurrence of planetary engulfment through isolated data points?


QDChip CEO Bao Jie explains the principle of understanding planet phagocytosis through spectral analysis

Understanding this phenomenon requires consideration of the problem from an elemental perspective. Lithium has an isotope that is one less neutron than normal lithium and is called lithium6. Lithium 6 is very fragile. When the star produces tens of millions of degrees of heat, it exists for a very short time. It usually disappears within a few million light years of the star's formation. However, when scientists observed the spectrum emitted by stars of HB82943, they found that the ratio of lithium 6 to lithium (lithium 7) was as high as 3:25, which was higher than the normal level.

The planet itself does not emit light, heat, nor does it produce a lot of temperature. After extensive argumentation and deduction, the scientists speculated that the reason for the large amount of lithium 6 on the surface of HB82943 was that the star swallowed the planet. According to the ratio of 0.12, it can be inferred that the number of planets is approximately twice the number of Jupiter.

The concept of “spectrum” was mentioned in the case of phasing of planets with HB82943. The spectrum is the multicolor light after being dispersed by dispersion systems (such as prisms, gratings), and the dispersed monochromatic light is arranged in order of wavelength (or frequency). The pattern is called the optical spectrum. Spectroscopy is the most accurate and most authentic way of describing a light color.

The characteristic spectrum of the element is unique, the principle can be applied to blood glucose measurement light can interact with the substance, when a beam of light passes through different chemical substances, the substance will interact with the light, and the interaction will change the spectrum of these light, The process of change has a strong correlation with the nature of matter, and the weekly element has its own specific way of interacting with light, that is, the unique spectral features of the element, so that humans can discriminate substances through the characteristic spectrum.

In addition to helping humans recognize the phenomena of phagocytosis of foreign bodies in 78 light years, the spectrum can also be applied to the detection of human conditions. For example, human blood is rich in hemoglobin. Hemoglobin absorbs oxygen in the lungs and carries oxygen through the blood throughout the body for tissue cell depletion. Hemoglobin has two states of oxygen and deoxygenation. The corresponding chemical substances in the two states are different, so they have different spectra.

By measuring these spectra, humans can understand the proportions of oxygenated hemoglobin and deoxygenated hemoglobin in the human body. Through the ratio, the blood oxygen content can be further known, and the measurement of the change in hemorrhagic oxygen content over time can measure the heartbeat and respiration and determine the human body. Health status.

Spectral analysis can be used for metabolic waste detection and drug detection. In addition to determining blood oxygen content, urine contains abundant metabolic waste of the human body. Each substance corresponds to a specific spectrum, and specific substances of metabolic waste can be known through measurement spectra. , to determine the body's recent or long-term disease or potential health threats.

Spectral detection methods can also be applied to food and drug testing. As a city with a population of more than 40 million people, Beijing has about 20,000 trucks loaded with food and transported to Beijing every day. Based on time, 10 trucks line up every minute to wait for the visit to Beijing. Spectral analysis is used to spot check foods. Security is an essential means.

Quantum dot spectroscopic technology can transform large-scale spectroscopic devices into micro-sensors. Spectrometry has been widely used as a means of human understanding of the world. The spectrometer is bulky and expensive, limiting its scope of application. About five years ago, Prof. Bao Jie proposed the quantum dot spectroscopy technology, which can complete the miniaturization and sensorization of large-scale spectrometers. The biggest feature of this technology is that it can be combined with the sensors in cameras and mobile phone cameras. Turn large spectrometer equipment into miniaturized sensors.

A quantum dot is a very tiny nanomaterial. It is only one ten-thousandth to one-thousandth of the size of a human hair. Usually when the size and size of a macroscopic material are changed, the color does not change. Because color is its eigenstate. But when the size of a material is one ten thousandth to one ten thousandth of a hair filament, the color of the material will change with its size, and the change process will be fine enough to add one atom or reduce one atom. The color changes.

Microspectral sensors can be applied to cell phone cameras. Because the spectrum itself is a very finely-divided color, scientists can use a large library of color systems provided by quantum dot materials to color interpret the spectrum.

Another feature of quantum dots is that they can be processed, shaped, and integrated in the liquid state. Based on this feature, a wide variety of such different materials can be integrated into a familiar type of hardware, such as a mobile phone camera, enabling the conversion of large spectroscopic instruments into sensors in mobile phone cameras. Such a quantum dot spectroscopic sensor can be reduced to a pinhole size, and the cost is greatly reduced when the degree of specialty is constant.

The miniature spectrometer is manufactured as follows: First, the quantum dot solution is specially processed. Then, because it is so tiny, it can be printed on the substrate like an ink in a printer, forming an array of thin films. This quantum dot film is then attached to the detector array used in the camera of the cell phone and conceptually constitutes a spectral discussion.

By redefining and designing the structure and algorithm of the spectrometer, a miniature spectrometer was born. Under the existing conditions, the miniaturized spectrometer has a minimum size of about 1 cubic millimeter.

When micro-sensors are implanted in smartphones, users can use cameras to detect foods, drugs, and personal health. Sensors can even be implanted into the body to perform various health indicators.

Spectral sensors have a wide range of applications and will become a solid foundation for the human intelligence pyramid. The spectral sensing function can also be applied to the detection of pollutants and water quality in farmland, as well as the monitoring of food production, processing, transportation and other processes. This monitoring process It can be implemented at the consumer terminal. Combining the Internet with big data, we can dig out inevitable causal relationships in seemingly isolated, remote, or even unparalleled events. This process can reduce the loss of production and life.

QDChip company is doing is to break through the technical bottleneck of spectral information relying on traditional instrument means is difficult to obtain in real time, the new nanocrystalline material - quantum dots and imaging photosensitive elements combined to develop a chip-sized low-cost, portable quantum dot spectroscopic sensor , In order to achieve the use of mobile devices such as mobile devices for material composition analysis and detection capabilities.

During the undergraduate period, Bao Jie followed academician Li Yadong to conduct research on nanomaterials and nanotechnology. Dr. Bao Jie's research project is the process of studying molecular dynamics using femtosecond ultrafast lasers. These studies are relatively basic, so during the postdoctoral period, Bao Jie hoped that Can engage in applied research.

Bao Jie said: “My research group during postdoctoral research was one of the first groups in the world to do quantum dots. Researchers in the research group have been working on the application of quantum dots in different directions in recent years, such as solar cells, displays, and light detection. Devices and biomarker applications."

Bao Jie worked and lived in the United States for many years. He has always been interested in the commercialization of new technologies and hopes to apply a new technology to real life.

Humans can get information from data. Information can be transformed into knowledge and help humans gain wisdom. In the face of large and complex data, a large number of sensors can help humans capture information. Bao Jie said that in the near future, the spectral sensor can become an indispensable solid foundation for the intellectual pyramid.

(Original title: Quantum Dot Spectrometers Bring Revolutionary Technology to Future Medical Treatments)

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