What are the ways to improve the speed of roadway excavation?

There are the following ways to improve the speed of roadway excavation:

First, improve rock drilling and blasting work, improve drilling efficiency and shorten the time required for drilling

(1) Develop high-efficiency rock drills suitable for various rock conditions to produce enough consumables for use.

(2) In combination with the current production of more gas-leg rock drills in China , it is possible to use multi-machine operation during excavation time. This is an effective measure to shorten the drilling process time. In the implementation of multi-machine rock drilling, it is especially necessary to do a good job. The organization work during rock drilling should be timed, fixed, fixed, positioned, and fixed. The drilling work is done in an orderly manner, and the maximum potential of personnel and equipment is exerted in a limited space and limited time.

(3) Develop and develop medium and heavy rock drills to improve the drilling speed and mechanization level, which is beneficial to reduce the labor intensity of workers.

(4) Further improve the technical performance of the existing rock drill, improve the drilling speed and reduce the failure of the rock drill. The operation is flexible and can reduce the labor intensity of the workers, and the noise is greatly reduced.

(5) Improve and maintain the high wind pressure of the rock drill on the working surface and improve the drilling speed.

(Vi) the development and use of low cost, high efficiency and easily damaged brazing alloy steel drill bit and a long service life.

(7) Take various measures to improve the technical level of existing eye-catching workers.

(8) Exploring the most reasonable drilling blasting parameters, the number of eyes used is small, the blasting efficiency is high, the rock that is blasted is small and uniform, the amount of over-excavation is small, and the damage to surrounding rock is small.

(9) Actively promote new blasting technologies with obvious effects, such as full-section primary blasting, millisecond blasting, smooth blasting, and deep hole blasting.

(10) To study the use of explosives that can adapt to different blasting conditions and requirements and have good blasting performance, such as water-proof explosives required for water working surfaces, low-power explosives used in smooth blasting, or small-diameter medicines, blasting High-powered explosives used in tough rocks.

(11) Improve the quality and performance of existing detonating equipment, such as the quasi-explosive performance of electric detonators, the performance against stray currents, and other aspects of safety performance, such as improving the quality of fuses and detonating cords. Ensure a certain burning rate and detonation speed to improve their moisture resistance.

(12) According to the conditions of rock and rock formation, we will focus on the drilling equipment and the depth of the blasthole, and choose a reasonable method of grooving. From the experience of each advanced team, the linear grooving method with empty eyes is advanced from each boring. According to the experience of the team, the linear gutter with empty eyes has a good blasting effect. In particular, it should be proposed that a good guttering method can achieve satisfactory results once or twice.

(13) In the implementation of multi-process parallel work, especially when the drilling and loading are parallel, the blasting can be used in the blasting to let the broken rock be thrown away from the working surface. Of course, it cannot be thrown too far. In order to facilitate the parallelism of drilling and loading rock, the purpose of shortening the cycle time is achieved.

Second, improve the efficiency of shipping and reloading equipment, and shorten the time of loading (including reloading and transportation)

(1) Increasing the productivity of rock loaders. Most of the current metal mines in China use bucket-type rock loaders that are loaded and unloaded. Therefore, the efficiency of these equipments can be improved, and the results can be achieved for roadway excavation. Must do the following work

1. Make necessary modifications to the existing bucket type rock loader, such as appropriately increasing the bucket volume of the rock loader. This is an effective measure that some rapid tunneling teams have implemented. It has been proved that this is done. Improve the efficiency of rock loading.

2. Continuously improve the technical level of the existing rock loaders. For this reason, it is necessary to set up training courses and technical classes to learn from advanced rock loaders so that the rock loaders can not only skillfully open the rock loaders, but also Master the main performance and ills of this rock loader and handle some minor faults yourself.

3. Strictly implement the job type system, try to follow the planned cycle chart to ensure the close cooperation of each type of work, and the process connection is rapid.

4. Ensure stable voltage and wind pressure to improve the efficiency of the rock loader.

5, to ensure the quality of the track, strengthen maintenance management, in order to improve the speed of the car and reduce the mine car down.

6. Use better shunting facilities and methods. For example, in the double-track roadway, diamond-shaped floating roads can be used for shunting and other methods to minimize the downtime of the rock loader due to the shunting; Shuttle truck or bucket loader or other equipment shunting can improve the efficiency of the rock loader, increase the time of pure rock loading, and minimize the non-production time of the equipment.

7. Strengthen the dispatching of the mine car and supply the mine car necessary for the working face in time.

8. Temporary short rails and climbways are laid in time to improve the efficiency of the rock loader.

The blasting technology should be improved so that the rock mass to be blasted is not more than 300 mm, which is beneficial to increase the shovel rate of the rock loader.

(2) Actively develop and promote the use of new types of rock loaders to learn advanced foreign experience. For example, the ZC-1 type side unloading rock loader, the HG-120 crab claw-claw type rock loader, the ZXZ-60 crab claw rock loader and other types of high-grade trials are being developed and perfected. Efficiency rock loader.

(3) Develop and promote the use of trackless and high-efficiency loaders and scrapers, trial and promote various high-efficiency belt loaders, and improve existing shuttle mine and mine trains, especially for rock drilling, In terms of shipping support, in general, the capacity of the reloading equipment should be slightly larger than that of the rock loader. Only in this way can the efficiency of various equipment be utilized and the cycle time occupied by the loading and unloading can be reduced.

Third, strengthen the management of excavation technology

Fourth, improve ventilation and dust, adopt reasonable ventilation, shorten ventilation time and speed up circulation

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