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China's aviation plant protection industry has entered the development fast track of following and catching up
[ China Agricultural Machinery Industry News ] At present, China's agriculture is generally in the transition period to agriculture 2.0, that is, from labor labor, individualized operation to mechanized production and large-scale operation, but due to the influence of traditional farming mode and field control, China's agriculture still exists. There are a lot of problems, mainly highlighted in the following points:
Current problems in China's agricultural services
1. The low level of agricultural mechanization and modernization has resulted in low production efficiency.
The recent exposure of a US farmer to the 100 Chinese farmers is deliberately exaggerated, but China's agricultural production efficiency does have a huge gap with developed countries.
2. There is no scientific guidance in field management and control, and pesticides and fertilizers are seriously abused.
As a result of waste of agricultural production materials and environmental pollution, it has raised the cost of agricultural production and seriously reduced the international competitiveness of China's agricultural products. In recent years, the price of imported corn and local corn has also been reversed.
3. Small plots, individualized and decentralized management, severely restrict the application and implementation of environmentally friendly control measures for biological control, green prevention and control, etc., which are suitable for large-scale and integrated pest control and pest control, and also severely restrict The development of China's agricultural hedging capacity.
This is reflected in the epidemic-prone pests and diseases that need to be ruled out. For example, in August 2017, the three generations of armyworms in Jilin corn broke out, and the number of insects in the field reached more than 200. Heavy, causing serious economic losses. The reason is nothing more than two points: 1 second generation of sticky insects occur, although the amount is higher than normal but did not cause the attention of individual farmers, no control; 2 three generations of armyworm outbreak corn stalks tall (general plant height is 2.5 Above the meter), it is unrealistic for farmers to self-rescue their own drugs. The number of specialized agricultural service organizations with prevention and control capabilities is small, and the land area is determined by households and the agreement is signed.
4. Lack of new agricultural management entities and specialized agricultural service organizations.
At present, the main agricultural enterprises in China are mainly after 50 and 60. The education level is generally low and the age is too large to be suitable for agricultural production. Most of the children of this generation have begun to influence the expansion of the university and the market economy. Living in the city and staying in the countryside are also reluctant to engage in agricultural production for such reasons. In the past 10 years, China has the potential to erupt in the embarrassing situation of “no one wants to farmâ€!
Under the above-mentioned agricultural background, the state has proposed a reform plan for agricultural supply side, encouraged moderate scale operation of agriculture, encouraged the development of specialized agricultural service organizations, and encouraged the application of new environmental protection machinery and technology. China's agricultural aircraft industry or called aviation plant protection. Industry is an emerging industry that has developed rapidly in recent years in the context of this era.
By the end of 2016, there were more than 6,000 agricultural drones in China, and this data is much higher than the more than 2,400 drones registered in Japan, which are known as UAV spray countries, and emerged like Anyang Quanfeng. Wait for a batch of drone companies.
Due to the policy end, the market side and the breakthrough of the capital technology, although China's aviation plant protection industry started late than the western developed countries, it has entered the fast lane of development that follows and catches up.
China's aviation plant protection industry has entered the development fast track of following and catching up
Specialized plant protection flight defense service organization advantage
The specialized flying and anti-agricultural service organizations with aviation plant protection technology as the core are more traditional than the small plots and individualized management advantages are mainly reflected in the following points:
1. Save agricultural production materials.
The pesticide spraying plant protection drone adopts the ultra-micro capacity spray technology, which not only saves 80% of water and 40% of the medicine compared with the traditional knapsack spray equipment, but also sprays the pesticide particle size only 1/1 of the traditional knapsack spray equipment. 10, the sturdy and spreadability is better, and it is better to achieve less spray.
2. The work efficiency is much higher than that of labor.
The efficiency of plant protection drones is much higher than that of labor. For example, Quanfeng Plant Protection UAV can spray 20-25 acres of land for 10-15 minutes per shift, and the daily operation area is 400-600 mu. It has the advantages of high efficiency, good effect, and no restrictions on the ground environment.
3. Significantly reduce the difficulty of the operation, and the control time in the field is greatly increased.
The effective field control time of the traditional corn field is in front of the big bell of the corn. After that, the traditional control operation mode of the corn stalk is difficult to play. After the occurrence of pests and diseases, it is basically “seeing the sky to eatâ€, and the Quanfeng plant protection drone belongs to the remote control device, flying. The height is 2-4 meters, the width of the spray can reach 5-6 meters, and the top, middle and lower parts of the crop can be used for medicine, which can reach the whole plant cover, and the effect on the high rod crop is obvious. During the time-consuming high-bar crop application period, an aircraft can replace 90 laborers.
4. Human medicine is separated and the work is safer.
Although the country has banned the use of a large number of high-toxic and high-residue pesticides, reports of casualties caused by pesticide spraying are not uncommon. The plant-protected drone has realized the separation of human medicine and remote remote operation, effectively avoiding operators. Contact with pesticides makes agricultural production safer and more secure.
5. Specialized service organizations have a team of experts, and pest control is easier to grasp.
The prevention and control of pests and diseases is generally in the early stage of pests and diseases. At this stage, the performance of the diseases is not obvious. If there is no professional skills and long-term practical experience, it is difficult to find out. The key to the development of crop pests and diseases to the naked eye has already missed the key. The control period is appropriate.
6. Improve farmers' ability to resist risks.
This is reflected in the epidemic-prone epidemic pests and diseases that need to be ruled out. For example, in 2017, the three generations of armyworms in Jilin Province broke out, and the number of insects in the field reached more than 200. The area of ​​the armyworm was large and the degree of occurrence was heavy. Serious economic losses. The reason is that the lack of effective application tools is the key. The three-generation armyworms have high corn stalks during the outbreak (the average plant height is above 2.5 meters), and it is unrealistic for farmers to spray their own drugs.
7. Large-scale unified defense, flying defense is currently an effective measure.
In 2016, only Shenyang City’s unified control area for corn single pest, corn borer, reached 5.28 million mu. Such a large area of ​​control must be completed with quality and quantity, only by manual operation and shortage of labor in rural areas. The rising cost is unrealistic today.
The government should play the role of "baton"
Although there are many advantages in drone flight defense, China's drone industry has made great progress in recent years, but the development of domestic aviation plant protection industry is not smooth, mainly because of the market caused by the cooperation mode. The cake is too small, and many service providers are competing for low prices and causing death and injury. The current status of the aviation plant protection industry is not only not conducive to the government to promote new specialized agricultural service organizations, but also is not conducive to the introduction of smallholder production into the modern agricultural development track.
In this regard, the government should play a good role as a "baton" to innovate the development model of the aviation plant protection industry, and the development of the drone flying defense industry.
1. Using subsidies to promote the healthy development of flying defense UAVs
1. Conduct subsidy pilots.
At present, drones have not been included in the subsidies for agricultural technology purchases, and farmers have no subsidies for purchasing drones. Pilots for the purchase of subsidies for drones should be carried out, and experience accumulated and accelerated.
2. Advance flying defense operations.
We will implement projects such as the supervision of pests and diseases, and vigorously promote the control of pests and diseases including plant protection drone operations. Actively explore the government's purchase of services and other operational subsidies, accelerate the development and promotion of advanced technology, complete functions, easy to operate, better control of flying anti-aircraft drones, and promote the healthy development of flying anti-UV.
Second, on the issue of promoting professional services
The Ministry of Agriculture has always attached importance to and supported the plant protection professional service organization, promoted the control of pests and diseases, and strived to improve the control effect.
1. Establish a demonstration base.
Create a demonstration base for pest control and green prevention and control integration, build a cooperative service mechanism for agricultural technology departments, service organizations, pesticide (mechanical) enterprises, and drone manufacturers, and actively demonstrate and promote full-course contracting, stage contracting, surrogate and subrogation, etc. Service mode.
2. Support professional service organizations.
Support professionalized plant protection service organizations. In recent years, specialized plant protection service organizations have begun to rise and have played a huge role in the rule of defense. Standard & Poor's Agriculture, built by Quanfeng Aviation Plant Protection, is a specialized plant protection service platform. S&P Agriculture has its own maintenance and repair system; there is a rigorous plant protection system, and the preliminary program exploration, first of all, the phytotoxicity test, followed by the effectiveness test, with the data plan to apply on the fly defense; cross-regional operations System; there is a plant protection effect evaluation system. These systems standardize and standardize plant protection operations.
3. Improve the insurance system.
The Ministry of Agriculture is working with the National Air Traffic Control Committee and the Civil Aviation Administration of China to study and formulate the Opinions on Standardizing the Promotion and Application of Unmanned Aircraft for Agricultural Plant Protection, requiring manufacturers to ensure that property sold has been insured for property damage insurance and third party liability insurance. Establish a pragmatic, convenient and effective training system for the training of unmanned aircraft operators of agricultural plant protection to ensure the safety of flight operations. In the next step, the Ministry of Agriculture will support plant protection drone companies and pesticide production enterprises, new business entities to jointly set up professional service organizations, promote intelligent plant protection drone professional services, and actively strive to integrate plant protection drone operations into agricultural policy insurance coverage. .
4. The PPP model of plant protection and drone-dominated enterprises and government participation.
This model is a good combination of the advantages of the enterprise and the government. It not only takes advantage of the technology and service of the UAV enterprise, but also gives full play to the government's ability to mobilize and coordinate at the grassroots level. If used properly, it will greatly promote The development of the aviation plant protection industry.