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Different amounts of iron ore iron impurity content is different. If refueling, it will cause instability of the blast furnace smelting system, affect production, and even accidents. Therefore, the iron ore of different origins and different grades will be uniformly mixed in proportion to ensure the stability of the composition of iron ore.
While the addition of lime, when coal powder ingredients sintered. Note that the lime is added at this time, not on the blast furnace side, nor on limestone .
2. Sintering
Powdered iron ore without sintering cannot be directly fed into the blast furnace. After the batching of iron ore, the coal powder is ignited by a gas spray gun on the sintering machine. After the coal powder is burned out, not only the heat can agglomerate the iron ore, but also a large number of holes are formed in the sintered ore, so that the contact surface is increased and increased. Reduction reaction rate.
3. Blast furnace reduction
Sinter, coke , and pellets are added to the blast furnace in proportion. The tuyere under the blast furnace is fed with preheated hot air (800-1000 degrees), and the carbon monoxide and hydrogen generated by the reaction of coke and hot air at high temperature reduce iron ore to iron at high temperature. Iron absorbs carbon to form pig iron with a lower melting point, and finally the molten iron is released from the tap.
In order to save coke, some blast furnaces also spray auxiliary fuel such as pulverized coal, heavy oil and natural gas .
The blast furnace structure knows not to say about it, and there is a little leak. The steel plate is used as the furnace shell, the steel water cooling wall is installed in the shell, and the inner layer is knotted and the refractory lining is built.
4. Mixed iron
The molten iron ingredients are different in each furnace and are packed into a mixed iron furnace to make the ingredients uniform.
5. Steelmaking
The molten iron has a high carbon content, and is oxidized to remove carbon and other impurities by blowing oxygen in a converter.
6. Refine
The molten steel is refined to further remove impurities, and at this time, high-purity iron nuggets can be obtained by casting.
If the ingredients were added to adjust the alloy, carbon and the like, to obtain molten steel to give steel after casting.
Process from iron ore to high purity iron
1. Iron ore ingredients